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Julius Caesar - Wikipedia
- Julius Caesar was a Roman general, statesman, and author who became dictator of the Roman Republic before being assassinated in 44 BC.
- He was a member of the First Triumvirate with Crassus and Pompey, an alliance that dominated Roman politics for years.
- Caesar’s military success in the Gallic Wars greatly expanded his power and reputation.
- His campaigns included invasions of Britain and the construction of a bridge across the Rhine.
- Crossing the Rubicon in 49 BC broke with Pompey and the Senate and triggered a civil war.
- Caesar defeated Pompey in that civil war and consolidated control over Rome.
- As ruler, he introduced reforms including the Julian calendar, Senate expansion, veteran colonies, and wider citizenship.
- He was proclaimed dictator for life in early 44 BC.
- Brutus and Cassius helped lead the assassination of Caesar on the Ides of March.
- Caesar’s death sparked new civil wars that ended with Octavian becoming Augustus and turning the Republic into the Roman Empire.
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